Vegetation Management Research Cooperative

 

Annual Report

 

1998-1999

 

Staff

Director

Dr. Robin Rose

Associate Professor

 

Assistant Director

J. Scott Ketchum

Research Assistant

 

Research Advisor

Dr. Michael Newton

Professor

 

 

M.S. Level Graduate Student

Jeremy Coate

 

 

 

DEPARTMENT OF FOREST SCIENCE

OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

 

 

Full Members of the

 Vegetation Management Research Cooperative

 

Full Members

Contact Person

 

 

Cascade Timber Consulting

Howard Dew

Champion International

Corporation

Jeff Madsen

Hancock Timber Resources Group

David Kenney

Rayonier

Jessica Josephs

Lone Rock Timber Company

Rick Sohn

Oregon State University

Robin Rose

Port Blakely  Tree Farms

Mike Mosman

Pope Resources

Bryan Shultz

Simpson Timber Company

Bernie Bush

Starker Forests, Inc.

Mark Gourley

The Timber Co.

John Trobaugh

Washington Department of Natural Resources

Dennis Carlson

Weyerhaeuser Company

Ron Heninger

Willamette Industries, Inc.

Daryl Adams

Supporting Members

 

 

     American Cyanamid

Patrick Minogue

     Dupont Chemical

Kent Pittard

Liaison Members

 

 

Northwest Chemical

Bruce Kelpsas

Wilbur Ellis

Kurt Spingath, Bruce Alber

 

 

 


Highlights 1998-1999

 

This report presents the Vegetation Management Research Cooperative’s activities in forest vegetation management research.  Highlights for the 1998-99 year include:

 

 

                                                           

·        The Herb II study (Spatial Influences on Early Douglas-fir Growth: Interaction of Vegetation Control, Optimum Seedling Quality, and Fertilization) completed its fourth and final year on two sites and third year on three sites. A manuscript detailing results is currently being written for peer review publication.

                       

·        The “2 in 2” study (Optimizing Seedling Growth Utilizing Seedling Target Characteristics, Fertilization, and Vegetation Management) completed its second year on three sites and its first year on three others.                                                                                                          

·        A Manuscript summarizing results from the Fall Oust Trial was published in the Western Journal of Applied Forestry.

                                                           

·        A journal article on results of the Nu-Film-IR study has been accepted by Tree Planters Notes and should be published this coming year.

                                                                                                           

·        A VMRC Technical Report summarizing results and 2 meters in 2 years studies was produced.                                                                                                                         

                                   

·        The conifer phytotoxicity study (Phytotoxicity of Common Site Preparation and Release Herbicides on Selected Northwest Conifer Species) completed its first year of growth and results were presented to the Co-op.

                                   

·        In the last year we have welcomed two additional new cooperators Hancock Timber Resources Group and Pope Resources.

 


DEPARTMENT OF FOREST SCIENCE

OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

CORVALLIS, OREGON

97331-5752

PH 503-737-6580

FAX 503-737-1393

INTERNET: roser@fsl.orst.edu

 

To:                  VMRC Cooperators

From:              Robin Rose

Date:               July 1999

Subject:           1998-99 Annual Report

 

I am pleased to report in this year's annual report that our membership is growing.  We cordially welcome Hancock Timber Resources Group and Pope Resources to the VMRC.  The more members we have the better the "co-operation" gets. 

 

Our current studies are working out well.  The 2 meters in 2 years studies are growing nicely.  We have not achieved an average of two meters in such a short time, but the studies are showing that we have only begun to scratch the surface of the potential growth that exists in Douglas-fir seedlings when fertilizers are used and the vegetation is controlled.  Our other studies are doing equally well.

 

The future of this cooperative looks very good if we continue to focus on several directions. (1)  We need to continue to stay focused on our well thought out cooperative objectives.  There is always the temptation to "expand" into other areas.  Let us stick with what we do best.  (2) We need to get "outside the box" more within the context of our objectives.  Some VMRC organized trips to our neighbors in the Southeastern U.S. would be a very good idea.  There is always something new to learn from other people.  (3) We should do some more in-house training within the cooperative in the areas of experimental layout and site selection.  And (4) Concentrate more on how to maximize and improve the techniques we now employ in reforestation. 

 

 

Scott and I thank you all very much for your tremendous support and enthusiasm.  Let's keep the pressure on to get better. 

 

Thank you,

 

Robin Rose

Table Of Contents

 

Background & Organization                                                                             6

Mission Statement                                                                                                   6

Research                                                                                                                       7

Research Studies                                                                                                                                                             7

Spatial Influences on Early Douglas-fir Growth: Interaction of Vegetation Control,

      Optimum Seedling Quality, and Fertilization. (Herb II)                                                                                     7

 

Optimizing Seedling Growth Utilizing Seedling Target Characteristics, Fertilization,

      and Vegetation Management (2 meters in 2 years)                                                                                         12

 

Phytotoxicity of Common Site Preparation and Release Herbicides on Selected Northwest

      Conifer Species                                                                                                                                                     21

 

Plant Autecology Literature Review                                                                                                                       29

New Research Projects                                                                                                    31

Critical Thresholds Study, Effects of up to Five Years of Consecutive Weed Control

      Relative to Growth Losses from Delaying Weed Control for Douglas-fir and Other

      PNW Conifer Species                                                                                                                                          31

Technology Transfer                                                                                                         34

Plans For 1998-1999                                                                                                36

Publications of Interest                                                                                 36


Background & Organization

The Vegetation Management Research Cooperative (VMRC) was created on August 31, 1993.  Robin Rose was appointed to lead the VMRC in addition to his duties directing the Nursery Technology Cooperative.  The VMRC began with 12 highly committed and dedicated members.

 

The Cooperative is located in the Forest Science Department at Oregon State University.  The Membership is comprised of private, and state organizations.  The dues are either$4,000 or $8,000 per year depending on total cooperator ownership.  Chemical co.’s or other forestry product suppliers can join as Supporting Members for $3,000.  The research priorities for the Cooperative are determined by the membership with guidance from the Director. The members have access to all of the research results generated by the Cooperative.  Most research projects are carried out in cooperation with specific members on their land holdings.

Mission Statement

The VMRC policy committee met on January 4th of 1996 to discuss the direction that the Co-op would take for the next 5 years.  Through a long group discussion the following Mission Statement and Goals were developed to guide VMRC research.

 

Mission

Conduct applied reforestation research of young plantations from seedling establishment through crown closure with an emphasis on operational vegetation management.  Promote reforestation success such that survival, wood-crop biomass and growth are maximized while protecting public resources.

 

Goals

1. Develop vegetation management systems that increase seedling success while enhancing         and/or maintaining forest resources.

2. Develop vegetation management techniques to exceed regulatory requirements of forest         regeneration; aiming towards two meters in two years.

3. Develop threshold levels for various competitor species on crop-tree growth.

4. Develop and evaluate techniques, such as tillage, stock (size and quality), planting      technique and nutrition as they interact with vegetation management to enhance             reforestation success.

5. Facilitate information exchange and technical transfer among participating organizations          and other related groups.


 

Research

 

The VMRC is actively conducting four research studies and one literature review.

 

Research Studies

 

 

Spatial Influences on Early Douglas-fir Growth: Interaction of Vegetation Control, Optimum Seedling Quality, and Fertilization. (Herb II)

 

 

 

Introduction

Fertilization in forest nurseries is a common practice to enhance growth rate and vigor of conifer seedlings.  Fertilization has also been tried in the field at the time of planting as a means to enhance reforestation efforts.  Early fertilization results have been mixed with positive responses in some trials (Woods et al. 1993, Powers and Ferrel 1996) and poor to negative responses in others (Sutton 1995, Roth and Newton 1996).  The purpose of this study is to assess the interactive effects among increasing levels of vegetation control and fertilizer treatments over an array of conifer species and sites.

 

Materials and Methods

The basic study design was a completely randomized design with the plot being the treatment unit.  The study design has been repeated 5 times each time using one of four species of crop trees: Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, western hemlock, and coastal redwood (Table 1).  Each of the five study sites consisted of 4 replications of six separate treatment plots.  Treatments were: no vegetation control, no vegetation control and fertilization, 2-ft tree centered radius of vegetation control, 2-ft radius and fertilization, 3-ft tree centered radius of vegetation control, and 3-ft radius and fertilization. Each plot consists of 36 conifer seedlings planted at a 10 ft X 10 ft spacing.

 


Table 1.  Crop tree, study sites locations, site characteristics, herbicide and rates used for vegetation control.

 

Conifer species

 

Study site

 

Planted (spring)

 

Elevation

(m)

Annual

precipitation (cm)

Site index

m/50 yr

 

Herbicide used

(rate)

Douglas-fir

 

Vernonia

1995

213 m

140-165

35

Sulfometuron

(0.16 kg ai/ha)

 

Drain

1996

93 m

100-130

32

Hexazinone

(1.68 kg ai/ha)