*Ahrens, G.R., A. Dobkowski and D.E. Hibbs. 1992. Red alder: guidelines for successful regeneration. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Special Publication #24.
Belton, John. 2004. Red Alder- The Other Lumber Species. Northwest Woodlands 20(4):22-23.
Bormann, B.T. and J.C. Gordon. 1984. Stand density effects in young red alder plantations: productivity, photosynthate partitioning, and nitrogen fixation. Ecology 65:394-402.
Brown, K.R., and P.J. Courtin. 2003. Effects of phosphorus fertilization on the early growth of red alder plantations. B.C. Ministry of Forests. Extension Note 019.
Brown, K.R. 1999. First-year Growth Responses of Young Red Alder Stands to Fertilization. B.C. Ministry of Forests. Extension Note 36.
Carlton, G.C. 1988. Structure and development of red alder dominated communities in the Oregon coast Range. M.S. thesis, Oregon State University, Corvallis. 173 p.
Chambers, C.J. 1974. Empirical Yield Tables for Predominantly Alder Stands in Western Washington. WA DNR Report 31.
Cole, E.C. and M. Newton. 1987. Fifth-year responses of Douglas-fir to crowding and nonconiferous competition. Can. J. For. Res. 17:181-186.
Cole, D.W., J. Compton, H.V. Miegroet, and P. Homann. 1989. Changes in soil properties and site productivity caused by red alder. Paper presented at the IUFRO Symposium: Management of Nutrition in Forests Under Stress. September 18-21. Freiberg, Germany.
Courtin, P.R., K.R. Brown, and G.J. Harper. 2002. Red Alder management trials in the Vancouver Forest Region. B.C. Ministry of Forests. Extension Note 016.
Courtin, P.R. and K.R. Brown. 2001. The use of red alder to enhance Sitka spruce growth in the Queen Charlotte islands. B.C. Ministry of Forests. Extension Note 008.
Courtin, P.R. 1991. Selecting the best sites for growing red alder in southwestern B.C. B.C. Ministry of Forests. FRDA Research Memo 192.
DeBell, D.S., and C.A. Harrington. 2002. Density and rectangularity of planting influence 20-year growth and development of red alder. Can. J. For. Res. 32:1244-1253.
Franklin, J.F., and C.T. Dyrness. 1973. Natural Vegetation of Oregon and Washington. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8. 216pps.
Fried, J., J. Tappeiner and D.E. Hibbs. 1988. Bigleaf maple seedling establishment and early growth in Douglas-fir forests. Can. J. For. Res. 18:1226-1233.
Giordano, P.A. and D.E. Hibbs. 1993. Morphological response to competition in red alder: the role of water. Functional Ecology. 7:462-468.
Haeusler, S. 1988. Germination and first-year survival of red alder seedlings in the central Coast Range of Oregon. M.S. thesis, Oregon State University, Corvallis. 105 p.
Harrington, C. A. 1986. A Method of Site Quality Evaluation for Red Alder. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-192.
Harrington, C.A., and R.O. Curtis. 1986. Height growth and site index curves for red alder. USDA For. Serv. Res. Paper PNW-358.
Harrington, C.A. 1990. Silvics of red alder. In: Silvics of North America, vol. 2, Hardwoods. Technically coordinated by: R.M. Burns and B.H. Honkala. USDA For. Serv. Agric. Handb. 654. Washington D.C. pps. 116-123.
Hibbs, D.E. 2003. Diverse Hardwoods Play Ecological Roles in Northwest Forests. Northwest Woodlands 19(2):24-25.
Hibbs, D.E. 1996. Stand management: Managing Red Alder. Oregon State University Extension Service, Corvallis, OR. EC-1197.
Hibbs, D.E. and P.A. Giordano. 1996. Vegetation characteristics of alder-dominated buffer strips in the Oregon coast Range. Northwest Science 70:213-222.
Hibbs , D.E. 1995. Silviculture of red alder stands. In P.G. Comeau, G.J. Harper, M.E. Blanche and J.O. Beateng (eds.). Ecology and Management of B.C. Hardwoods. Workshop Proc. Dec 1-2, 1993. B.C. Ministry of Forests. FRDA Rep. Richmond B.C.
Hibbs, D.E., S. Chan, M. Castellano, and C. Niu. 1995. Response of red alder seedlings to CO2 enrichment and water availability. New Phytologist 129:569-577.
Hibbs, D.E., W.H. Emmingham, and M.C. Bondi. 1995. Response of red alder to thinning. Western J. Applied Forestry 10:17-23.
Hibbs, D.E., L. Bouvarel, and E. Teissier du Cros. 1994. Performance of red alder seed source in France. Can. J. For. Res. 24:1008-1014.
Hibbs, D.E. 1990. Red alder is coming of age. Northwest Woodlands 7:16-7.
Hibbs, D.E. 1990. The other choice: Managing red alder. pp10-11. in E. Hamilton (Ed.), Vegetation Management: An integrated Approach. FRDA Report 109. B.C. Ministry of Forests, Victoria, B.C.
*Hibbs, D.E., and A.A. Ager. 1989. Red Alder: Guidelines for Seed Collection, Handling, and Storage. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Special Publication #18.
Hibbs, D.E. and G.C. Carlton. 1989. A comparison of volume and diameter based stocking guides using red alder. Western J. Applied Forestry 4:113-115.
Hibbs, D.E. 1987. The self-thinning rule and red alder management. Forest Ecology and Management 18:273-281.
Hurd, P.D., and D.S. DeBell. 2001. Growth and early stand development of intensely cultured red alder plantings. New Forests 21:71-87.
Knowe, S.A., G.R. Ahrens, and D.S. DeBell. 1997. Comparison of diameter distribution prediction, stand-table projection, and individual tree growth modeling approaches for young red alder plantations. Forest Ecology and Management. 98:49-66.
Knowe, S.A. and D.E. Hibbs. 1996. Stand structure and dynamics of young red alder as affected by plantation density. Forest Ecology and Management 82:69-85.
Hibbs, D.E. et al. 1993. L'aulne rouge: Une espèce d'avenir en France. Forêt Enterprise 93:57-62.
Hibbs, D.E. and B.J. Yoder 1993. Development of Oregon white oak seedlings. Northwest Science 67:30-36.
*Jensen, E., D. Anderson, and D.E. Hibbs. 1995. The reproductive ecology of broad leaved trees and shrubs: red alder. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Research Contribution 9C.
Lanner, R.M. 1985. On the insensitivity of height growth to spacing. Forest Ecology and Management. 13:143-148.
Leidholt-Bruner, K., D.E. Hibbs, and W.C. McComb. 1992. Beaver dam locations and their effects on distribution and abundance of coho salmon fry in two coastal Oregon streams. Northwest Science 66:218-223.
Lester, D.T., and D.S. DeBell. 1989. Geographic variation in red alder. USDA For. Serv. Res. Paper PNW-RP-409.
Lipp, C.C. 1987. The effects of nutrient availability and relative size on growth, photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation in red alder. M.S. thesis. Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.
MacFarlane, D.W., E.J. Green, and H.E. Burkhart. 2000. Population density influences assessment and application of site index. Can. J. For. Res. 30:1472-1475.
*Niemiec, S., G. Ahrens, S. Willits and D. Hibbs. 1995. Hardwoods of the Pacific Northwest. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Research Contribution 8.
Nigh, G.D. and P.J. Courtin. 1998. Height models for red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) in British Columbia. New Forests 16:59-70.
*Puettmann, K.J., D.S. Debell and D.E. Hibbs. 1993. Density management guide for red alder. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Research Contribution 2.
Puettmann, K.J., D.W. Hann and D.E. Hibbs. 1993. Evaluation of size-density relationships for pure red alder and Douglas-fir stands. Forest Science 39:7-27.
Puettmann, K.J., D.E. Hibbs and D.W. Hann. 1992. The dynamics of mixed stands of Alnus rubra and Pseudotsuga menziesii extension of the size-density analysis to species mixture. J. Of Ecology 80:449-458.
Raettig, T.L., K.P. Connaughton, and G.R. Ahrens. 1995. Hardwood supply in the Pacific Northwest: A policy perspective. USDS Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Research Paper PNW-RP-478.
*Resch, H, 1988. Red Alder: Opportunities for Better Utilization of a Resource. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Special Publication 16.
Scott, W., R. Meade, R. Leon, D. Hyink, and R. Miller. 1998. Planting density and tree-size relations in coast Douglas-fir. Can. J. For. Res. 28(1): 74-78.
Skinner, E.C. 1959. Cubic volume tables for red alder and Sitka spruce. USDS Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Center, Research Note 170.
*Withrow-Robinson, B. A., D.E. Hibbs and J. Beuter. 1995. Poplar chip production for Willamette Valley grass seed sites. OSU Forest Research Laboratory, Research Contribution 11.
Worthington, N.P., F.R. Johnson, G.R. Staebler, and W.S. Lloyd. 1960. Normal yield tables for red alder. USDA For. Serv. PNW For. Range Exp. Stn., Portland, OR. Res. Paper 36.
Yoder, B.J., and D.E. Hibbs. 1990. White oak's future uncertain. Northwest Woodlands 7:22.
*To request reprints of these publications, visit the website http://fcg.cof.orst.edu/ or send your name and address, along with the # found at the end of each requested article, to:
Forestry Communications Group
Oregon State University
256 Peavy Hall
Corvallis, OR 97331
Voice: (541) 737-4271
Fax: (541) 737-4077
Briggs, D.G., D.S. DeBell, and W.A. Atkinson (eds). 1978. Utilization and management of alder. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-70.
Clutter, J.L., J.C. Fortson, L.V. Piennar, G.H. Brister, and R.L. Bailey. 1983. Timber management: a quantitative approach. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. 333pps.
Comeau, P.G., G.J. Harper, M.E. Blanche and J.O. Beateng (eds.). Ecology and Management of B.C. Hardwoods. Workshop Proc. Dec 1-2, 1993. B.C. Ministry of Forests. FRDA Rep. Richmond B.C.
Hibbs, D.E., D.S. Debell and R.F. Tarrant (eds.). 1994. Biology and Management of Red Alder. OSU Press, Corvallis, OR. 256 p.
Hibbs, D.E. and K. Cromack. 1990. Actinorhizal plants in Pacific Northwest forests. In C. Schwintzer and J. Tjepkema (eds.), The biology of Frankia and actinorhizal plants. Academic Press, New York.
Peterson, E.B., N.M. Peterson, P.G. Comeau, and K.D. Thomas (eds). 1999. Bigleaf Maple Managers' Handbook for British Columbia. Miscellaneous Report 090.
Peterson, E.B., N.M. Peterson, S.W. Simard, and J.R. Wang (eds). 1997. Paper Birch Managers' Handbook for British Columbia. FRDA Report 271.
Peterson, E.B. (ed). 1996. Black Cottonwood and Balsam Poplar Managers' Handbook for British Columbia. FRDA Report 250.
Peterson, E.B., Ahrens, G.R., and Peterson, N.M. (eds). 1996. Red Alder Managers' Handbook for British Columbia. FRDA Report 240.
Peterson, E.B., and N.M Peterson. (eds). 1995. Aspen Managers' Handbook for British Columbia. FRDA Report 230.
Smith, D.M., B.C. Larson, M.J. Kelty, and P.M.S. Ashton. 1997. The practice of silviculture: applied forest ecology. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. 537 pps.
Trappe, J.M., J.F. Franklin, R.F. Tarrant, and G.H. Hansen (eds). 1968. Biology of alder. USDA For. Serv. PNW For. Range Exp. Stn., Portland, OR. pps 73-84.
Wenger, K.E. 1984. Forestry Handbook. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons. New York, New York.
Fact Sheet #22: After decades of Douglas-fir plantations, is it time for forest landowners to consider planting alder and cedar?: This fact sheet offers some reasons to consider a transition in the Pacific Northwest from replanting with Douglas-fir to alder and cedar.
Center for International Trade in Forest Products has a list of publications to order including:
An Assessment of the PNW Hardwood Lumber Industry (1999)-view abstract
Pacific Northwest Hardwoods Capture International Attention: An Analysis of the Washington State Hardwood Industry (1992)-view abstract
Washington Tree Seed Transfer Zones
Source of Native Forest Nursery Seedlings-Published annually by the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF), this cataloge helps forest landowners locate siutable tree stock in OR and WA.
A Hardwood Resource Assessment for Western Washington-This project was a result of a joint agreement between the Washington Hardwoods Commission (WHC) and the Washington Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) to provide an assessment of Western Washington's hardwood inventory.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2004. Red alder management: principles and practices. Washington State University Forestry Extension Summer Forestry Education Series. Mount Vernon, WA. August 28, 2004.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2004. Hardwood Management: principles and practices. Washington State Forest Stewardship Coached Planning Class: a shortcourse for small landowners. King County, WA. May 19, 2004.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Intensive management of red alder: principles and practices. A training session for all WA Department of Natural Resources regional silviculturists. Darrington, WA. November 19, 2003.
Hibbs, D.E. and Andrew Bluhm. 2003. Growing alder for value. Innovation for Survival of the Northwest Forest Sector: An Integrated Approach. WSU-Puyallup Research and Extension Center. Puyallup, Washington. November 18, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Intensive management of red alder: principles and practices. A training session the WA Department of Natural Resources Northwest regional silviculturists. Webster Nursery, Olympia, WA. October 15, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Red alder tricks of the trade: Keys to successful establishment and management. Portland Chapter of Society of American Foresters, OSU Extension Service, and Western Forestry and Conservation Association. Beaverton, OR. September 11, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Red alder: Nursery stock, planting, and growing success. Washington Farm Forestry Association Annual Meeting. Bellingham, WA. April 4, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Red alder: Current state of knowledge. Presentation given to WA Department of Natural Resources. Forks, WA. March 25, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2002. Red alder: Nursery stock, planting, and growing success. Coos Bay Chapter of Society of American Foresters. Coos Bay, OR. October 17, 2002.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2002. Red alder: Nursery stock, planting, and growing success. Western Hardwood Association, Second Annual Hardwood Symposium. Portland, OR. October 8, 2002.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Red alder/Douglas-fir mixtures: Preliminary findings. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Summer Meeting. Corvallis, OR. July 10, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Alder growth and yield modeling cooperative. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Summer Meeting. Corvallis, OR. July 10, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Effect of thinning on red alder tree form and volume. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Summer Meeting. Corvallis, OR. July 10, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2003. Red alder: Nursery stock, planting, and growing success. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Winter Meeting. Kelso, WA. January 13, 2003.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2002. Effect of thinning on red alder tree form and volume. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Summer Meeting. Cascade Locks, OR. July 11, 2002.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2002. Effect of planting density and site quality on height and diameter of red alder plantations. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Summer Meeting. Cascade Locks, OR. July 11, 2002.
Bluhm, Andrew A. 2002. Preliminary investigation of Height/Diameter Ratios for red alder Type II Plantations. Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Winter Meeting. Corvallis, OR. January 10, 2001.
Bluhm, Andrew A., and David E. Hibbs. 2002. Effect of Planting Density and Site Quality on Tree Height and Diameter of Managed Red Alder Plantations. Poster presented at the Silviculture Options for Sustainable Management of Pacific Northwest Forest Symposium. Corvallis, OR. March 4-6, 2002.
Online Publications Search Links
These sites are online systems for locating and delivering nationwide publications by the USDA Forest Service. Search by typing in "red alder", for instance.
Pacific Northwest Research Station Publications-This site lists publications and products specific to the USFS Pacific Northwest Research Station.
British Columbia Ministry of Forests-This site lists publications and products specific to the BC Ministry of Forests.