Puettmann, K. J. 2007. Density management to accelerate develop of late-successional habitat. FS453. Forest management and wildlife conservation. OSU Corvallis, OR. May 9, 2007.

Puettmann, K. J. 2007. Forestry in highly industrialized countries: The German experience. FOR407/507 International Forestry Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. Feb. 20, 2007.

Puettmann, K. J. 2006. Silviculture: Managing for complexity. Department of Forest Science, OSU Corvallis, OR, November 29, 2006.

Puettmann, K. J. 2006. Silviculture Research to Manage Complexity. CSREES review. April 11, 2006. Department of Forest Science, OSU, Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J. 2006. Forest and forestry in highly industrialized nations: The German experience. FOR407/507 International Forestry Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. February 21, 2006.

Puettmann, K. J. 2005. Silviculture and complexity – together at last. Department of Forest Science, OSU Corvallis, OR, September 22, 2005.

Puettmann, K. J. 2005. The future of forestry in highly industrialized Germany. FOR407/507 International Forestry Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J. 2004. The future of forestry in highly industrialized Germany. FOR407/507 International Forestry Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J. 2003. Cultural and spiritual values of forests: The European heritage. Department Seminar, Department of Forest Science, OSU. Corvallis, OR. February 13, 2003.

Puettmann, K. J. 2003. The future of forestry in highly industrialized Germany. FOR407/507 International Forestry Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. January 22, 2003.

Puettmann, K. J. 2002. Forestry in Germany. FOR407/507 International Foresty Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. January 30, 2002.

Puettmann, K. J., A. L. Berger, G. Host, J. Zasada, and M. Arikian. 2001. Harvesting impacts on regeneration and understory plant composition in aspen forests. Long-term Ecological Research Monthly Group Meeting, Corvallis, OR. June 7, 2001.

Puettmann, K. J. 1999. Ecosystem Management in Nordamerika. Vertiefungsblock “Waldumbau.” Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Germany. Oct. 25, 1999.

Puettmann, K. J. 2001. Forestry in Germany. FOR407/507 International Foresty Seminar, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. March 7, 2001.

Puettmann, K. J. 2000. Tomorrow’s challenges - Today’s opportunities. Regeneration practices in diverse structured forests. Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. June 12, 2000.

Puettmann, K. J. 2000. Effects of release cutting and soil scarification on natural regeneration in Pinus sylvestris shelterwoods. Presentation of the Ph.D. thesis of C. Karlson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden, April 14, 2000.

Blackford, D. C., S. J. Seybold, and K. J. Puettmann. 2000. Impacts of the Eastern Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on White Spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Plantations in Northern Minnesota. An Outline of M.S. Thesis Research. Seminar Series. Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. November 7, 2000.

Puettmann, K. J. 1998. More than just a pretty view: Forest structure influences understory diversity and tree regeneration. Plant Biological Science Colloquium, University of Minnesota. St. Paul, MN. October 20, 1998.

Puettmann, K. J. 1998. Silviculture - on the road less traveled (?). University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada. June 16, 1998.

Puettmann, K. J. 1998. Stand density and structure: their interactions and impact on understory vegetation. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada. June 15, 1998.

Puettmann, K. J. 1998. Environmental issues in forestry. Guest lecture for Rhet 3562 (Writing in your profession), University of Minnesota, May 15, 1998. Minneapolis, MN.

Puettmann, K. J. 1996. Silviculture of mixed species stands. Department of Forest Resources, Oregon State University, May 1996, Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J., S. Josiah, and L. Everett. 1994. Agroforestry in the Midwest: Application and opportunities. Seminar Series. Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics. University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. April 1995.

Puettmann, K. J. 1992. Mixed species, competition, and stand development. Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota. September 1992.

Puettmann, K. J. 1990. Forestry in the Pacific Northwest of the USA: new challenges ahead. Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany.

Anderson, P., Puettmann, K. J., and L. Kayes. 2007. Early development of planted and natural regeneration following fire in southwestern Oregon. 6th North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Vancouver, BC. June 17-20, 2007.

Kayes, L., Anderson, P. and K. Puettmann. 2007. Early vegetation dynamics following postfire restoration in southwestern Oregon. 6th North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Vancouver, BC. June 17-20, 2007.

Messier C., K. Puettmann, and D. Coates. 2006. Managing for complexity: lessons to be learned from ecology. Natural Disturbance-Based Silviculture: Managing For Complexity. IUFRO 1.14.00 Uneven-aged Silviculture Research Group Conference. Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada. May 14-23, 2006.

Puettmann K. J., D. Hibbs, D. Coates and C. Messier. 2006. Uneven-aged management: Which type? And why do we care? Natural Disturbance-Based Silviculture: Managing For Complexity. IUFRO 1.14.00 Uneven-aged Silviculture Research Group Conference. Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada. May 14-23, 2006.

Berryman, S., Puettmann, K. 2005. Characterizing understory vegetation response to variable density thinnings in young Douglas-fir forest of western Oregon. Annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Montreal Canada. August 7-12, 2005.

Fahey, R., Puettmann, K. and S. Berryman. 2005. Patterns in understory vegetation distributions across gap openings in variable density thinned forest stands in western Oregon. Annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Montreal Canada. August 7-12, 2005.

Berger C. and K. J. Puettmann. 2005. Utilizing gaps to encourage diversity in plantation forests. 5th North American Forest Ecology Workshop, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. June 12-16, 2005.

P. D. Anderson and K. J. Puettmann. 2005. Silvicultural Decisions in Post-Fire Reforestation: Knowledge Development and Application to Meet Restoration Objectives. Invited Oral Presentation. Northwest Scientific Association 78th Annual Meeting. 23-26 March, 2005, Oregon State University, Corvallis OR.

Beggs, L., Puettmann, K. J., and G. Tucker. 2004.Vegetation response to alternative thinning treatments in young Douglas-fir stands - IUFRO Workshop on: Balancing Ecosystem Values, Innovative Experiments for Sustainable Forestry. Portland, OR. August 15-20, 2004.

Puettmann, K. J., K. D. Coates, and C. Messier. 2004. A new silviculture: Loosening the grip. Meeting the challenge: Silviculture research in a changing world. IUFRO Division 1 Conference. Montpellier, France. June 14-18, 2004.

Puettmann, K. J. and M. Counte. 2003. White pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedling acclimation to overstory canopy density in a coniferous and a deciduous forest. Uneven-aged Forest Management: Alternative Forms and Practices. IUFRO International Inter-disciplinary Conference. Helsinki, Finland. June 8-13, 2003.

Zenner, E., K. J. Puettmann, and J. Krueger. 2003. Restoration of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in northern Minnesota: taking the slow boat. 4th North American Forest Ecology Workshop, Corvallis, OR. June 16-20, 2003.

Zenner, E., K. J. Puettmann, and J. Krueger. 2003. Releasing white pine from aspen overstories. 2nd Annual Forest and Wildlife Research Review. Duluth, MN. January 16, 2003.

Zenner, E., K. J. Puettmann, and J. Krueger. 2003. Releasing white pine from aspen overstories. Great Lakes Silviculture Summit. Houghton, MI. April 22-23, 2003.

Puettmann, K. J., J. Krueger, and M. Saunders. 2002. Friend or Foe: Management of overstory density and understory vegetation. Fourth International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management: Technical, Environmental and Economic Challenges. Nancy, France, June 17-21, 2002.

Hobbs, S., M. Harmon, B. Gartner, and K. J. Puettmann. 2002. Framework for forestry and forest products research. Intensive Forestry Research Summit, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. February 6, 2002.

Berger, A. L., Puettmann, K.J., Host G., Zasada J., and M. Arikian. 2001. Harvesting impacts on regeneration and understory plant composition in aspen forests of northern Minnesota. 3rd North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Duluth, MN. June 24-27, 2001.

Davis, A. L. and K. J. Puettmann. 1999. Overstory composition and stand structure influence herbaceous plant diversity in the mixed aspen forest in northern Minnesota. 2nd North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Orono, ME. June 28, 1999.

Duvall, M. D. and K. J. Puettmann. 1998. Using triclopyr to release white pine from overtopping aspen." North Central Weed Science Society, Annual Convention, Radisson Hotel, St. Paul, MN. Dec. 9, 1998.

Smidt, M. F., K. J. Puettmann, and M. D. Duvall. 1998. The response of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings to weeding in shelterwood treatments. Third International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management. Aug. 24 to 28, 1998. Sault St. Marie, Ontario, Canada.

Anderson, D. H., D. W. Rose, K. Brooks, T. Burk, H. Hoganson, and K. J. Puettmann. 1998. Teaching integrated natural resource planning. Second Biennial Conference on University Education in Natural Resources. March 7-10, 1998. Logan, UT.

Walters, M., P. B. Reich, K. J. Puettmann, and T. Baker. 1997. Shade tolerance in young seedlings of ten sub-boreal species: Effects of low light and nitrogen on seedling growth, survival, and allocation and their interrelationships. Interdisciplinary uneven-aged silviculture symposium. International Union of Forest Research Organizations. September 19, 1997. Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J. and M. Smidt. 1997. Canopy, subcanopy, understory: who is competing with regeneration? Interdisciplinary uneven-aged silviculture symposium. International Union of Forest Research Organizations. September 19, 1997. Corvallis, OR.

Smidt, M. F. and K. J. Puettmann. 1996. The interactive effects of overstory and understory competition on Pinus strobus seedlings. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, August 1996, Rhode Island, RI.

Puettmann, K. J., T. Baker, and P. Reich. 1995. Multi-species competition research at the University of Minnesota. Workshop on Design of Mixedwood Experiments. March 1995. Vancouver, B. C.

Puettmann, K. J. 1995. New trends in Silviculture Research. Departmental Seminar. Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota. St. Paul, MN. February 1995.

Puettmann, K. J. 1995. Ecology and management of mixed red alder/conifer stands. Departmental Seminar. Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota. St. Paul, MN. April 1995.

Gerlach, J. P., T. R. Baker, P. B. Reich, and K. J. Puettmann. 1995. Differential Armillaria spp. seedling mortality on ten Minnesota tree species. National Conference on Undergraduate Research, Schenectady, NY. April 1995.

Puettmann, K. J., and P. Reich. 1993. Comparing the sensitivity of red pine and quaking aspen to competition. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, July 1993. Madison, WI.

Maxwell, B. D., K. J. Puettmann, and B. Bussler. 1993. Weeds in the Hood (WITH) neighborhood model for simulating interference between corn and weeds. Annual Meeting of the Weed Science Society of America. June 1993. Denver, CO.

Puettmann, K. J. and B. D. Maxwell. 1992. Modeling competition through plant geometry. Meeting of the North Central 202 group. July 1992. Estes Park, CO.

Lindquist, J., D. Rhode, K. J. Puettmann, B. D. Maxwell, and D. Stuthmann. 1992. The influence of plant population spatial arrangement on individual plant biomass and seed production. Annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy. MN. October 1992. St. Paul, MN.

Puettmann, K. J., D. E. Hibbs, and D. W. Hann. 1990. Development of a size-density surface for mixed red alder/Douglas-fir stands. Annual meeting of the Northwest Scientific Association. March 1990. Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J., and W. H. Emmingham. 1988. Five-year results of a black cottonwood spacing trial. Annual meeting of the Northwest Scientific Association. March 1988. Ashland, OR.

Berger, C. A., and K. J. Puettmann. 2007. Structure based management in young Douglas-fir plantations. 6th North American Forest Ecology Workshop, Vancouver, BC. June 18-22.

Puettmann, K. J., N. Poage, and P. Anderson. 2005. Developing a network of large scale management experiments in the Pacific Northwest. 5th International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management, June 20-24, 2005. Corvallis, OR.

Moores, A., K. J. Puettmann, and D. Maguire. 2005. Intensive forestry in the Pacific Northwest: an overview of our current knowledge. 5th International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management, June 20-24, 2005. Corvallis, OR.

Puettmann, K. J., N. Poage, and P. Anderson. 2005. Developing a network of large scale management experiments in the Pacific Northwest. 5th North American Forest Ecology Workshop, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. June 12-16, 2005.

Moores, A., K. J. Puettmann, and D. Maguire. 2005. Intensive forestry in the Pacific Northwest: an overview of our current knowledge. 5th North American Forest Ecology Workshop, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. June 12-16, 2005.

Beggs L. R., and K. J. Puettmann. 2005. Understory vegetation response following thinning in young Douglas-fir forests: Can thinning accelerate development of late-successional structure and composition. Science and the Northwest Forest Plan" Conference, Portland, OR April 19-20, 2005.

Berger C. A., and K. J. Puettmann. 2005. Development of stand structure in young Douglas-fir plantations. Science and the Northwest Forest Plan" Conference, Portland, OR April 19-20, 2005.

Berryman, S., and K. J. Puettmann. 2005. Characterizing understory vegetation response to variable density thinning in young Douglas-fir forests. Science and the Northwest Forest Plan" Conference, Portland, OR April 19-20, 2005.

Cissel, J., D. Olsen, S. Chan, K. Puettmann, A. Moldenke, J. Tappeiner, and C. Thompson. 2005. Density management study: Alternatives for managing late-successional habitat and riparian reserves. Science and the Northwest Forest Plan" Conference, Portland, OR April 19-20, 2005.

Fahey, R. T., Puettmann, K. J., and Berryman, S. D. 2005. Patterns in understory vegetation distributions across gap openings in variable density thinned forest stands in western Oregon. Science and the Northwest Forest Plan" Conference, Portland, OR April 19-20, 2005.

Fahey, R.T., Puettmann, K. J., and Berryman, S. D. 2005. Patterns in understory vegetation distributions across gap openings in variable density thinned forest stands in western Oregon. Northwest Science Meeting. Corvallis, OR. March 23-26 2005.

Berger C., and K. J. Puettmann. 2004. Development of stand structure in young Douglas-fir plantations. IUFRO Workshop on: Balancing Ecosystem Values, Innovative Experiments for Sustainable Forestry. Portland, OR. August 15-20, 2004.

Berryman, S., R. Fahey, and K. J. Puettmann. 2004. Characterizing vegetation response to variable density thinnings in young Douglas-fir forests of western Oregon. IUFRO Workshop on: Balancing Ecosystem Values, Innovative Experiments for Sustainable Forestry. Portland, OR. August 15-20, 2004.

Beggs, L., and K. J. Puettmann. 2004. Understory vegetation response to alternative thinning treatments in young Douglas-fir stands. Ecological Society of America. Annual Meeting, Portland, OR. August 1-6, 2004.

Beggs, L. R., G. Tucker, and K. J. Puettmann. 2003. Vegetation response to alternative thinning treatments in young Douglas-fir stands. 4th North American Forest Ecology Workshop: Ecosystems in Transitions. Oregon State University. Corvallis, OR. June 16-20, 2003.

D’Amato, A., and K. J. Puettmann. 2003. Interaction dynamics in mixed species Alnus rubra/Pseudotsuga menziesii stands: The relative dominance hypothesis. 4th North American Forest Ecology Workshop: Ecosystems in Transitions. Oregon State University. Corvallis, OR. June 16-20, 2003.

D’Amato, A., K. J. Puettmann, and D. E. Hibbs. 2002. Spatial interaction dynamics in mixed red alder (Alnus rubra Bong) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) stands. H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest Fourth Annual Symposium.

Blackford, D. C., K. J. Puettmann, M. Saunders, J. Warren, and S. J. J. Seybold. 2001. Impacts of the Eastern Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on White Spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Plantations in Northern Minnesota. North Central Forest Pest Workshop (NCFPW) in Big Bay, Michigan, October 1-4, 2001.

Krueger, J. A., K. J. Puettmann, and M. Smidt. 2001. Landscape level regeneration dynamics of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.). 3rd North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Duluth, MN. June 24-27, 2001.

Blackford, D., K. J. Puettmann, and S. Seybold. 2001. Impacts of the Eastern Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) on White Spruce (Picea glauca) Plantations in Northern Minnesota. North American Forest Insect Work Conference, Edmonton, May 14-18, 2001.

Warren, J., Saunders, M., and K. J. Puettmann. 2001. Preliminary white spruce density management diagram for the lake states. Society of American Foresters. Minnesota State Meeting. Ely, MN. February 5-6, 2001.

Blackford, D., S. Seybold, K. J. Puettmann, and M. Saunders. 2000. Impacts of the Eastern Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on White Spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Plantations in Northern Minnesota. North Central Forest Pest Workshop, Rhinelander, WI, September 25-29, 2000.

Puettmann, K. J., and M. Saunders. 2000. Patterns of growth compensation of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.): The influence of herbivory intensity and competitive environments. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Snowbird, UT. August 2-4, 2000.

Puettmann, K. J., and Duvall, M. D. 1999. Overstory density and harvesting methods affect competition from understory vegetation in shelterwoods. Poster presented at the National Society of American Foresters Convention in Portland, OR, September 11-15, 1999.

Saunders, M. R., and K. J. Puettmann. 1999. Effects of herbivory and competition on Pinus strobus L. seedlings. National Society of American Foresters Convention in Portland, OR, September 11-15, 1999.

Puettmann, K. J., and M. D. Duvall. 1999. Stand structure and disturbance intensity affect biomass of understory vegetation. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Spokane, WA. August 8-12, 1999.

Counte, M. A., and K. J. Puettmann. 1999. White pine seedling acclimation to overstory canopy density in a conifer and hardwood stand: Environmental conditions and net CO2 response. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Spokane, WA. August 8-12, 1999.

Berger, A. L., M. J. Arikian, K. J. Puettmann, and G. E. Host. 1999. Influence of soil compaction and residual forest canopy on tree regeneration in aspen and northern hardwood stands. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Spokane, WA. August 8-12, 1999.

Arikian, M. J., K. J. Puettmann, and A. L. Davis. 1999. Influence of soil compaction and residual forest canopy on tree regeneration in aspen and northern hardwood stands. Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Spokane, WA. August 8-12, 1999.

Puettmann, K. J., and M. Duvall. 1999. Stand structure and disturbance intensity affect biomass of understory vegetation. 2nd North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Orono, ME. June 27-30, 1999.

Baker, T., K. J. Puettmann, and P. B. Reich. 1999. Artificial mixed-species communities: different strategies for resource utilization. 2nd North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Orono, ME. June 27-30, 1999.

Puettmann, K. J., and M. Duvall. 1999. Overstory density and harvesting systems affect competition from understory vegetation. Society of American Foresters. Minnesota State Meeting. Owatana, MN. Feb. 2-4, 1999.

Saunders, M. R., and K. J. Puettmann. 1999. Effects of competition and simulated herbivory on Pinus strobus L. seedlings. Society of American Foresters. Minnesota State Meeting. Owatana, MN. Feb. 2-4, 1999.

Davis, A., and K. J. Puettmann. 1999. Forest composition and structure influence herbaceous plant diversity. Society of American Foresters. Minnesota State Meeting. Owatana, MN. Feb. 2-4, 1999.

Baker, T., K. J. Puettmann, and P. B. Reich. 1999. Artificial mixed-species communities: different strategies for resource utilization. 2nd North American Forest Ecology Workshop. Orono, ME. June 27-30, 1999.

Arikian, M., K. J. Puettmann, A. Davis, G. Host, and J. Zasada. 1999. Harvesting impacts on soil properties and tree regeneration in pure and mixed aspen stands. Society of American Foresters. Minnesota State Meeting. Owatana, MN. Feb. 2-4, 1999.

Arikian, M., K. J. Puettmann, A. Davis, G. Host, and J. Zasada. 1998. Harvesting impacts on soil properties and tree regeneration in pure and mixed aspen stands. Conference on Improving Forest Productivity for timber… A key to sustainability. Duluth, MN. Dec. 1 - 3, 1998.

Saunders, M. R., and K. J. Puettmann. 1998. Effects of competition and simulated herbivory on Pinus strobus L. seedlings. Conference on Improving Forest Productivity for timber... A key to sustainability. Duluth, MN. Dec. 1 - 3, 1998.

Davis, A., and K. J. Puettmann. 1998. Forest composition and structure influence herbaceous plant diversity. Conference on Improving Forest Productivity for timber... A key to sustainability. Duluth, MN. Dec. 1 - 3, 1998.

Puettmann, K. J., and M. Duvall. 1998. Overstory density and harvesting systems affect competition from understory vegetation. Conference on Improving Forest Productivity for timber... A key to sustainability. Duluth, MN. Dec. 1 - 3, 1998.

Saunders, M., and K. J. Puettmann. 1998. Effects of competition and simulated herbivory on eastern white pine seedlings. Ecological Society of America. 83rd Annual Meeting, Baltimore MD. August 2-6, 1998.

Puettmann, K. J., M. Duvall, and M. Smidt. 1998. Soil and stand characteristics influence the relationship between above- and below ground competition in Pinus strobus underplantings. Ecological Society of America. 83rd Annual Meeting, Baltimore MD. August 2-6, 1998.

Davis, A. L., and K. J. Puettmann. 1998. Herbaceous diversity in the mixed aspen forest is influenced by overstory composition and stand structure. Ecological Society of America. 83rd Annual Meeting, Baltimore MD. August 2-6, 1998.

Cornett, M. W., P. B. Reich, K. J. Puettmann, and L. Frelich. 1998. Implications of seedbed and moisture availability for the ecological restoration of Thuja occidentalis forests. Ecological Society of America. 83rd Annual Meeting, Baltimore MD. August 2-6, 1998.

Baker, T. R., K. J. Puettmann, and P. B. Reich. 1997. Resources competition among three boreal tree species. Ecological Society of America. Annual Meeting, Albuquerque, NM. August 1997.

Smidt, M., and K. J. Puettmann. 1997. Over- and understory competition for light and soil resources affects growth of white pine seedlings. State meeting of the Society of American Foresters, Roseville, January 1997.

Saunders, M., and K. J. Puettmann. 1997. Effects of herbivory and competition on growth of white pine. State meeting of the Society of American Foresters, Roseville, January 1997.

Cornett, M., L. Frelich, K. J. Puettmann, and P. R. Reich. 1995. Management and Restoration of Northern White Cedar forests in the North Shore State Parks. The Minnesota State Parks Bi-Annual Conference. Rochester, MN. December 1995.

Gerlach, J. P, T. R. Baker, P. B. Reich, and K. J. Puettmann. 1994. Differential Armillaria spp. seedling mortality on ten Minnesota tree species. Life Sciences Symposium on Undergraduate Research, College of Biological Science, St. Paul, MN. May 1995.

Gerlach, J. P, T. R. Baker, P. B. Reich, and K. J. Puettmann. 1994. Differential Armillaria spp. seedling mortality on ten Minnesota tree species. Mid-continent Institute Undergraduate Research Conference, Minor, ND. October 1994.