Re: [IAWA Forum] Re: Radial water transport

From: Peter Kitin <kitin@ffpri.affrc.go.jp>
Subject: Re: [IAWA Forum] Re: Radial water transport
Date: Tue, 08 Oct 2002 13:14:06 +0900
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My research is concerned with the vessel network and I believe that =
tracheary elements (the type depends on the species) do the most work of =
radial distribution of water. The 3-D arrangement of vessels seems to be =
quite in agreement with the observations of Prof. Barnett, and may be =
others who have immersed cut stems in staining solutions, that the =
liquid really spreads radially from one annual ring to another but not =
in horizontal planes. It is spread radially at different vertical =
levels, which does not suggest that rays are involved. But the ascent of =
"sap" in such occasions is due to the transpiration from leaves and the =
root pressure is excluded. Depending on the xylem pressure potentials, =
as proposed from Dr.Tyree, the picture could be different.=20

=20

Radial transport of water in xylem in the case of ring-porous woods =
would be especially needed in spring when development of buds and new =
tissues is underway but new vessels at the bottom parts of stem are =
still not developed (refs., Funada et al. Tree ring conference in Davos, =
2001; Kitin et al. 5thPRAWC in Yokyakarta, 2002). At this time, guess =
Dr. Tyree and other wood physiologists know better than me, xylem =
pressure potentials should be high and water movement through =
intercellular spaces might play a role..(just a guess). May be Prof. =
Fujikawa or somebody from his group who use Cryo-SEM to study water =
distribution in xylem and freeze behavior of ray parenchyma cells, might =
have better idea of what the intercellular spaces are filled with, gases =
or liquid?

=20

Ray cells are specialized in storage and transportation of sugars and =
other organic substances (refs and comments of Prof. Savage) but what =
about their interaction with the sap flow coming from the roots and what =
is the role of the intercellular spaces? For me, the idea that =
intercellular spaces might be involved in the transport of water from =
one annual ring to another is interesting.=20

Peter Kitin, Ph.D.
JSPS Fellow
Laboratory of Wood Anatomy and Quality
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
P.O. Box 16, Tsukuba Norin Kenkyu Danchi-nai
Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki
305-8687, Japan
Tel. (work): +81-(0)298-73-3211 ex.574 Fax.+81-(0)298-74-3720
  ----- Original Message -----=20
  From: MelTyree@aol.com=20
  To: kitin@ffpri.affrc.go.jp=20
  Cc: iawa@COF.ORST.EDU=20
  Sent: Tuesday, October 08, 2002 12:38 AM
  Subject: [IAWA Forum] Re: Radial water transport


  But I don't think intercellular spaces could contribute much to radial =
transport of liquid water in trees. The intercellular spaces would have =
to be very well isolated from outside air otherwise they would embolize =
very easily. My guess (and this is only a guess) is that intercellular =
spaces would be water filled only from xylem pressure potentials of 0.0 =
to -0.15MPa.=20
  The accepted interpretation (without lots of proof) is that =
intercellular spaces are a location of stored water and such stored =
water is mostly gone by -0.2 MPa. But while the spaces are filled with =
water they could contribute to radial transport. See Xylem Structure and =
the Ascent of Sap (Second edition) by Tyree & Zimmermann, which is now =
in print from Springer!
  If you have any photos of intercellular spaces I would be very =
interested in having copies. I think we need more research on this =
topic.
  The story about ray cells NOT being lignified is interesting to me. =
Does anyone have any citations for that?
  Thanks,
  Mel

  Melvin T. Tyree
  Project Leader NE4103
  USDA Forest Service
  Aiken Forestry Sciences Lab
  705 Spear St  PO Box 968
  Burlington VT 05402
  Phone 802 951 6771 x 1310
  FAX 802 951 6368


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<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face=3D"Times =
New Roman"=20
size=3D3>My research is concerned with the vessel network and I believe =
that=20
tracheary elements (the type depends on the species) do the most work of =
radial=20
distribution of water. The 3-D arrangement of vessels seems to be quite =
in=20
agreement with the observations of Prof. Barnett, and may be others who =
have=20
immersed cut stems in staining solutions, that the liquid really spreads =

radially from one annual ring to another but not in horizontal planes. =
It is=20
spread radially at different vertical levels, which does not suggest =
that rays=20
are involved. But the ascent of =93sap=94 in such occasions is due to =
the=20
transpiration from leaves and the root pressure is excluded. Depending =
on the=20
xylem pressure potentials, as proposed from Dr.Tyree, the picture could =
be=20
different. </FONT></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><?xml:namespace =
prefix =3D o ns =3D=20
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face=3D"Times New =
Roman"=20
size=3D3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face=3D"Times =
New Roman"=20
size=3D3>Radial transport of water in xylem in the case of ring-porous =
woods would=20
be especially needed in spring when development of buds and new tissues =
is=20
underway but new vessels at the bottom parts of stem are still not =
developed=20
(refs., Funada et al. Tree ring conference in Davos, 2001; Kitin et al. =
5thPRAWC=20
in Yokyakarta, 2002). At this time, guess Dr. Tyree and other wood =
physiologists=20
know better than me, xylem pressure potentials should be high and water =
movement=20
through intercellular spaces might play a role=85.(just a guess). May be =
Prof.=20
Fujikawa or somebody from his group who use Cryo-SEM to study water =
distribution=20
in xylem and freeze behavior of ray parenchyma cells, might have better =
idea of=20
what the intercellular spaces are filled with, gases or =
liquid?</FONT></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><o:p><FONT =
face=3D"Times New Roman"=20
size=3D3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></P>
<DIV><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; =
mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Ray=20
cells are specialized in storage and transportation of sugars and other =
organic=20
substances (refs and comments of Prof. Savage) but what about their =
interaction=20
with the sap flow coming from the roots and what is the role of the=20
intercellular spaces?&nbsp;For me,&nbsp;the idea that intercellular =
spaces might=20
be involved in the transport of water from one annual ring to another is =

interesting. </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; =
mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: =
AR-SA"></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; =
mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>Peter Kitin, Ph.D.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; =
mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>JSPS Fellow<BR>Laboratory of Wood Anatomy and=20
Quality<BR>Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute<BR>P.O. Box =
16,=20
Tsukuba Norin Kenkyu Danchi-nai<BR>Tsukuba Science City, =
Ibaraki<BR>305-8687,=20
Japan<BR>Tel. (work): +81-(0)298-73-3211 ex.574=20
Fax.+81-(0)298-74-3720</DIV></FONT></SPAN></FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
  <A title=3DMelTyree@aol.com =
href=3D"mailto:MelTyree@aol.com">MelTyree@aol.com</A>=20
  </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dkitin@ffpri.affrc.go.jp=20
  href=3D"mailto:kitin@ffpri.affrc.go.jp">kitin@ffpri.affrc.go.jp</A> =
</DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Cc:</B> <A =
title=3Diawa@COF.ORST.EDU=20
  href=3D"mailto:iawa@COF.ORST.EDU">iawa@COF.ORST.EDU</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, October 08, 2002 =
12:38=20
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [IAWA Forum] Re: =
Radial water=20
  transport</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV><FONT face=3Darial,helvetica><FONT lang=3D0 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"=20
  size=3D3 FAMILY=3D"SERIF">But I don't think intercellular spaces could =
contribute=20
  much to radial transport of liquid water in trees. The intercellular =
spaces=20
  would have to be very well isolated from outside air otherwise they =
would=20
  embolize very easily. My guess (and this is only a guess) is that=20
  intercellular spaces would be water filled only from xylem pressure =
potentials=20
  of 0.0 to -0.15MPa. <BR>The accepted interpretation (without lots of =
proof) is=20
  that intercellular spaces are a location of stored water and such =
stored water=20
  is mostly gone by -0.2 MPa. But while the spaces are filled with water =
they=20
  could contribute to radial transport. See Xylem Structure and the =
Ascent of=20
  Sap (Second edition) by Tyree &amp; Zimmermann, which is now in print =
from=20
  Springer!<BR>If you have any photos of intercellular spaces I would be =
very=20
  interested in having copies. I think we need more research on this=20
  topic.<BR>The story about ray cells NOT being lignified is interesting =
to me.=20
  Does anyone have any citations for =
that?<BR>Thanks,<BR>Mel<BR><BR></FONT><FONT=20
  lang=3D0 style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000 size=3D2=20
  FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF">Melvin T. Tyree<BR>Project Leader NE4103<BR>USDA =
Forest=20
  Service<BR>Aiken Forestry Sciences Lab<BR>705 Spear St&nbsp; PO Box=20
  968<BR>Burlington VT 05402<BR>Phone 802 951 6771 x 1310<BR>FAX 802 951 =

6368<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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